Date of Publication :3rd July 2024

Abstract: Plasma energy technologies present a myriad of challenges as they continue to garner significant interest in scientific and industrial domains. The pursuit of a burning plasma [1], where fusion reactions serve as the primary source of heating in the plasma, represents a critical milestone in the development of self- sustaining fusion energy [2,3]. However, achieving this goal poses significant engineering, technological, and scientific challenges. These challenges include the need to create and sustain the extreme conditions required for fusion reactions, such as high temperatures and pressures, as well as the development of materials capable of withstanding these. conditions for extended periods. In addition to the challenges related to fusion energy, the diverse applications of plasma technology across various industries, including electrical, mechanical, chemical, and medical sectors, bring about a new set of hurdles. These challenges encompass scalability, efficiency, and safety. For instance, while plasma technology shows promise in areas such as hydrogen production, semiconductor processing, plasma polymerization, coatings, plasma display panels, nanotechnology, medical treatments, and pollution control, there is a need to address issues related to process control, energy efficiency, and environmental impact to realize the full potential of these applications. Furthermore, the increasing worth of plasma technology. underscores the need to overcome challenges in commercialization, regulation, and public acceptance. Bringing plasma energy technologies to market requires addressing issues related to cost, reliability, and integration with existing infrastructure. Additionally, navigating regulatory frameworks and ensuring public acceptance of new plasma-based technologies present significant hurdles that must be addressed to facilitate widespread adoption. Looking to the future, the development of plasma energy technologies will require continued innovation, investment, and interdisciplinary collaboration. to overcome these. challenges. This includes advancing fundamental understanding of plasma physics, materials science, and engineering, as well as. fostering. Collaboration between industry, academia, and government entities to drive progress in this field. Addressing these challenges will be essential to realizing the full potential of plasma energy technologies in addressing global energy and societal challenges.

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