Date of Publication :5th November 2024

Abstract:Management of iron ore tailings (IOTs) poses significant challenges such as seepage, leachate, and harmful heavy metal (HHM) discharge, as well as high costs for maintenance, monitoring, and rehabilitation, particularly in disaster-prone countries like the Philippines. The potential sustainable reuses of IOTs as a viable alternative to conventional disposal methods was mainly focused in this research. A systematic review of literature revealed that IOTs possess key physical and chemical properties that make them su itable for construction materials including cement, bricks, and ceramics. However, the presence of HHMs requires further risk assessments and pre-treatment processes assuring safe reuse. A preliminary framework for sustainable mine waste management is proposed, grounded in principles like the mine waste hierarchy, circular economy, and the precautionary principle. The framework aims to reduce waste, mitigate environmental risks, and align with global sustainability goals. The successful reuse of IOTs in countries worldwide demonstrates their potential to drive infrastructure development while addressing critical environmental issues. This study also lays a foundation for establishing sediment quality management and environmental standards not only in the Philippines but also in o ther countries facing similar challenges. By promoting the sustainabl e reuse of IOTs, this research could contribute to the development of a circular economy, reduces the environmental impact of mining, and supports the achievement of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals.

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