Date of Publication :20th October 2016

Abstract: The depletion in fossil fuel and its increasing demand, along with the hazardous emission are some important issues which are leading scientist to research for alternative fuel to replace this fossil fuel. This alternative in case of C.I engines can be biodiesel. Biodiesel is basically a vegetable oil-or animal fat based diesel fuel consisting of long chain alkyl (methyl, ethyl, or propyl) esters. This review aims to study and discuss the result of various researches done by few researchers around the world, to study the spray characteristics of biodiesel fuel in controlled environment. These thoroughly conducted researches were aimed to identify a fuel in order to successfully replace the classical fuel for compression ignition engines without engine alteration. Spray process being an important part of C.I engine combustion process is one of the major research areas while performing these studies. In general, it was found that the biodiesel sprays penetrate faster and have narrow spray angle along with large droplet size compared to diesel. However, these studies are still in early stages and we believe that the mixture of biodiesel-ethanol-diesel fuel can be used to power C.I engines in terms of forming a fuel-air mixture, but further research is needed in order to assess the efficiency, pollution and reliability of the engine running with this fuel.

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