Date of Publication :22nd December 2016

Abstract: The term cryogenics is used to describe methods of refrigeration at very low temperatures (typically below 125 K), and distinguish them from ordinary refrigeration cycles. Many of these methods relate to the liquefaction of gases known as permanent, like air, natural gas, hydrogen or helium. Cryogenic liquid is used to directly or indirectly cool solid or liquid contaminants adhering to apparatus surfaces to effect a change in the physical characteristics of the contaminants and thereby render them more susceptible to removal operations. The challenges facing machining industries today are high metal removal rate and better product quality. Grinding is vital to many Manufacturing processes as it generates finer surfaces and closer dimensional tolerances. Cryogenics or deep freezing have been around for quite some time. There is documented research from as far back as the 1930’s where German companies used it on components of jumbo aircraft engines. The austenite is unstable at this temperature and the whole structure become martensitic. This is the region to use cryogenic treatment. Processing is not a substitute for heat treating if the product is properly treated or if the product is over heated during remanufacturing or if it is over stressed during use. Cryogenic processing will not in itself harden metal like quenching and tempering, it is an additional treatment to heat-treating.

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